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  • China's New Imperialism : Nature, Causes, and Rationalization
    China's New Imperialism : Nature, Causes, and Rationalization

    This book discusses the nature of China’s current international reassertion of itself and the thinking and attitudes which lie behind it.It argues that the Chinese leadership has a strongly held view of its own high moral authority, which emphasizes inclusion, equality and mutual benefits, and that this sense of morality underpins the driving forces for China’s foreign policies, rationalization of China’s overseas activities, the overall Chinese worldview, and China’s vision of a Chinese world order.It highlights how the country’s outward expansion has been characterized mainly by spreading influence through non-use of force and strategies of “co-operation” and “managed conflict” under the umbrella of “winning without fighting”.A set of Chinese geo-strategic reasoning that addresses how the possession of capabilities in land power and sea power will interact to produce favorable balance of power corresponds to the country’s pattern of overseas activities.The book approaches the subject empirically based on original research into both writings for policy-making purposes, which indicate realistic assessments of world politics and of China’s international capacity, and also narratives for public consumption, which have less emphasis on selfinterest and realpolitik.The book concludes that Beijing’s self-privileging high morality might have the unfortunate consequence of reinforcing its own behavior which defies international order and which others disapprove of, thereby increasing the likelihood of non-armed and armed conflicts.

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  • The Theory of Communicative Action : Reason and the Rationalization of Society, Volume 1
    The Theory of Communicative Action : Reason and the Rationalization of Society, Volume 1

    Here, for the first time in English, is volume one of Jurgen Habermas's long-awaited magnum opus: The Theory of Communicative Action.This pathbreaking work is guided by three interrelated concerns: (1) to develop a concept of communicative rationality that is no longer tied to the subjective and individualistic premises of modern social and political theory; (2) to construct a two-level concept of society that integrates the 'lifeworld' and 'system' paradigms; and (3) to sketch out a critical theory of modernity that explains its sociopathologies in a new way. Habermas approaches these tasks through a combination of conceptual analyses, systematic reflections, and critical reconstructions of such predecessors as Marx and Weber, Durkheim and Mead, Horkheimer and Adorno, Schutz and Parsons.Reason and the Rationalization of Society develops a sociological theory of action that stresses not its means-ends or teleological aspect, but the need to coordinate action socially via communication.In the introductory chapter Habermas sets out a powerful series of arguments on such foundational issues as cultural and historical relativism, the methodology of Verstehen, the inseparabilty of interpretation from critique.In addition to clarifying the normative foundations of critical social inquiry, this sets the stage for a systematic appropriation of Weber's theory of rationalization and its Marxist reception by Lukacs, Horkheimer and Adorno. This is an important book for degree students of philosophy, sociology and related subjects.

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  • Contemporary Art Cinema Culture in China
    Contemporary Art Cinema Culture in China

    How do contemporary Chinese audiences access art cinema?What are the alternative channels for the distribution and exhibition of art cinema in China?How is Chinese art cinema changing with the booming of internet media and commodity culture in the 21st century? To answer these questions, Xiang Fan explores the dynamic networks of art cinema in China in the 21st century, highlighting the cultural practices of intermediaries such as independent programmers, internet critics, and fan translators.Offering insights gleaned from original ethnographic research, Fan reveals how these intermediary practitioners think about cinema, negotiate judgement and appreciation, construct a discourse of value and taste, and most importantly, constitute a coordinated and interrelated network for the sharing of art cinema.She argues that although their motivation was derived from a cinephilia seeking to forge an alternative mode of distribution and reception, the ‘new’ cinema culture they have produced simultaneously negotiates a subtly complicit relationship with authoritative and market forces.In doing so, she offers an original interdisciplinary perspective on contemporary art cinema culture in Chinese society.

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  • History in Contemporary Art and Culture
    History in Contemporary Art and Culture

    This unique book offers guidance for contemporary art practices in dialogue with history, story, memory, and tradition. Artist and lecturer Paul O’Kane uses innovative and creative means, informed by a storytelling tradition as well as academic research, to make connections between contemporary art, history, and the past.The aim of this book is to give readers a sense of the profundity of historical questions, while making the challenge inviting, welcoming and manageable.It is designed to set out an expansive, inclusive and diverse range of potential directions, and speculations from which students can develop personal paths of enquiry.This is achieved by writing and designing the text in an accessible way and providing a range of ‘ways-in’.A series of carefully chosen references, examples, key texts, and possible essay questions are chosen and pitched at various levels and can be close-read, discussed, digested, and responded to either verbally or in the form of a presentation or essay. Written primarily for a broad range of fine arts students, this book encourages readers to reconsider their studies and art practices in light of a historical perspective, enhanced by creative contributions from artists, imaginative philosophers, and influential cultural commentators.

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  • What is the meaning of rationalization?

    Rationalization is a psychological defense mechanism where individuals attempt to justify their behavior or decisions in a logical and rational manner, even if they are not truly based on reason. It involves creating logical explanations or excuses to make one's actions seem more acceptable or justifiable to oneself or others. Rationalization can help individuals cope with guilt or cognitive dissonance by providing a seemingly valid reason for their actions, even if they are not entirely truthful or accurate.

  • What is the difference between rationalization and automation?

    Rationalization involves making a process more efficient by reorganizing or restructuring it to eliminate unnecessary steps or reduce complexity. Automation, on the other hand, involves using technology to perform tasks or processes without human intervention. While rationalization focuses on improving the process itself, automation focuses on reducing the need for human involvement in executing the process. Both rationalization and automation can lead to increased efficiency and productivity in an organization.

  • Is rationalization of drinking water expected in Germany?

    Yes, rationalization of drinking water is expected in Germany. The country has strict regulations and standards for drinking water quality, and there are regular monitoring and testing procedures in place to ensure that the water is safe for consumption. Additionally, Germany has invested in modern water treatment facilities and infrastructure to ensure the supply of clean and safe drinking water to its population. Overall, the rationalization of drinking water in Germany is a priority to ensure public health and safety.

  • How can rationalization be explained simply in business administration?

    Rationalization in business administration refers to the process of making a company more efficient by streamlining operations, reducing costs, and eliminating unnecessary processes. This can involve restructuring the organization, automating tasks, and standardizing procedures to improve productivity and profitability. Rationalization aims to make the business more competitive and adaptable to changes in the market, ultimately leading to better performance and success.

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  • Cultivating Extreme Art Cinema : Text, Paratext and Home Video Culture
    Cultivating Extreme Art Cinema : Text, Paratext and Home Video Culture

    Using paratextual theory to address the accusations of gimmickry often directed towards extreme art films, Cultivating Extreme Art Cinema: Text, Paratext, and Home Video Culture focuses upon the DVD and Blu-ray object, analysing how sleeve designs, blurbs, and special features shape the identity of the film and prepare the audience for a particular type of cinematic experience.The book discusses the complex interactions that take place on these commercial artefacts, the ways they communicate to both 'highbrow' and 'lowbrow' audiences, and the manner in which they breach tradition taste distinctions.Including case studies of features like Cannibal Holocaust, Funny Games and Antichrist, the book explores the complicated dichotomies between art and exploitation films to present a fluid history of extreme art cinema.

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  • Black Cinema & Visual Culture : Art and Politics in the 21st Century
    Black Cinema & Visual Culture : Art and Politics in the 21st Century

    This culturally and politically timely collection examines new Black films and moving images that have, once again, excited and possibly shifted the global media landscape.At a moment some scholars have described as post-post-racial, Black Cinema & Visual Culture provides new, urgent definitions and theories for Black cinema and furthers the development of its critical discourses.Gathering some of the leading scholars and critics in the field, this book enriches and advances the study of Black film and media and its social and political implications at a breakthrough period of expansion in the 21st century.This anthology tackles a wide range of topics from social justice, new media, and Afrofuturism, to race, gender, sexuality, mass incarceration, cultural memory, and Afrosurrealism, exploring the current climate of Black cinematic art that has proven wildly popular with domestic and global audiences, including hit films like Get Out and Marvel’s Black Panther.Together, these essays deepen understandings of Black visual culture, its creative image-makers, the political economy of Hollywood, and the cultural politics at the intersection of modern cinema, streaming platforms, and digital technologies.Black Cinema & Visual Culture will serve as an important learning tool for university courses spanning topics in film studies, American film and television, cultural studies, American studies, African Diaspora studies, media activism, social analysis, and African-American studies.This volume will also provide a benchmark in popular and intellectual circles for anyone interested in popular culture, Black-American cinema, media, issues of race in Hollywood, or Black culture and the conditions that shape both its art and politics.

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  • The Art of Japanese Architecture : History / Culture / Design
    The Art of Japanese Architecture : History / Culture / Design

    The Art of Japanese Architecture presents a complete overview of Japanese architecture in its historical and cultural context.The book begins with a discussion of early prehistoric dwellings and concludes with a description of works by important modern Japanese architects.Along the way it discusses the iconic buildings and architectural styles for which Japan is so justly famous—from elegant Shinden and Sukiya aristocratic villas like the Kinkakuji "Golden Pavilion" in Kyoto, to imposing Samurai castles like Himeji and Matsumoto, and tranquil Zen Buddhist gardens and tea houses to rural Minka thatched-roof farmhouses and Shinto shrines.Each period in the development of Japan's architecture is described in detail and the most important structures are shown and discussed—including dozens of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.The aesthetic trends in each period are presented within the context of Japanese society at the time, providing a unique in-depth understanding of the way Japanese architectural styles and buildings have developed over time and the great variety that is visible today. The book is profusely illustrated with hundreds of hand-drawn 3D watercolor illustrations and color photos as well as prints, maps and diagrams.The new edition features dozens of new photographs and a handy hardcover format that is perfect for travelers.

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  • More Classic Art Memes : Art History Rewritten
    More Classic Art Memes : Art History Rewritten

    A book full of laugh-out-loud memes that will make you look twice at classic artworks!From Renaissance classics to Romantic favourites, even more historical artworks are given a modern twist with the next in this popular series.What is really going on in these pictures? Dance moves, helmet hair, pub quizzes, dating, rush hour and turmeric lattes all feature here.This compact gift book offers up a unique perspective on art history - one that is sure to make you laugh out loud as the old is juxtaposed with the very new.Ideal for art history buffs with a cracking sense of humour!

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  • Can you help me with the art, culture, and history exam?

    Of course! I can help you with the art, culture, and history exam by providing information, explanations, and answering any specific questions you may have. I can also assist in reviewing key concepts, important figures, and significant events related to these subjects. Feel free to ask me anything you need help with, and I'll do my best to assist you in preparing for your exam.

  • What are art and culture events?

    Art and culture events are gatherings or activities that showcase various forms of artistic expression, such as visual arts, music, dance, theater, literature, and more. These events provide a platform for artists to share their work with the public and engage in creative dialogue. They also offer opportunities for individuals to immerse themselves in different cultural experiences, broaden their perspectives, and appreciate the diversity of human expression. Overall, art and culture events play a vital role in enriching communities, fostering creativity, and promoting understanding and connection among people.

  • How many jobs will be retained if 180 jobs are lost due to rationalization measures, which corresponds to 24% of all jobs?

    If 180 jobs are lost due to rationalization measures, which corresponds to 24% of all jobs, then the total number of jobs before the rationalization measures was 750 (180 / 0.24). Therefore, after the rationalization measures, 570 jobs will be retained (750 - 180).

  • Do you find art and culture important?

    Yes, I find art and culture to be extremely important. Art and culture are essential for expressing and preserving the diversity of human experiences and perspectives. They also play a crucial role in fostering creativity, critical thinking, and empathy. Additionally, art and culture contribute to the economy and tourism, and can serve as a powerful tool for social change and community development. Overall, art and culture enrich our lives and help us understand and appreciate the world around us.

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